Osteoarthritis of the fingers, also known as digital osteoarthritis, is a degenerative condition affecting the finger joints. It is characterized by the progressive degradation of the cartilage that covers the ends of the joint bones.
This degradation leads to pain, stiffness and reduced joint mobility, which can make it difficult to perform movements and activities involving the hands. Osteoarthritis of the fingers is more common in the elderly, and can affect several finger joints, particularly those close to the nails, known as the distal interphalangeal joints.
The symptoms of osteoarthritis of the fingers vary according to the severity of the condition and can be managed by medical approaches, physical therapies and, in some cases, surgical interventions.
Treatments for osteoarthritis of the fingers aim to relieve pain, improve mobility and maintain quality of life. Here are some treatment options for osteoarthritis of the fingers:
- Medication: Over-the-counter and prescription painkillers can help manage pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can reduce inflammation and pain. Topical creams containing anti-inflammatories can also be used.
- Physical therapies: Physiotherapy can include exercises to strengthen surrounding muscles and improve mobility. Heat or cold therapy can relieve pain and stiffness.
- Orthotics: Orthotics, such as splints or special hand orthotics, can help support joints and reduce pain during movement.
- Injections: Corticosteroid injections can be administered directly into the joint to reduce inflammation and pain. Hyaluronic acid injections can help lubricate the joint.
- Lifestyle changes: Maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet and exercising regularly can help reduce the load on joints.
- Ergonomic adaptations: Using ergonomic aids such as special tools for everyday tasks can reduce stress on affected joints.
- Surgery: In severe cases where other treatments fail to provide sufficient relief, surgery may be considered. Options such as arthroplasty (partial or total joint replacement) or arthrodesis (joint fixation) may be considered.
It’s important to consult a healthcare professional to obtain an accurate diagnosis and develop a treatment plan tailored to your specific situation.
